The UV index is a resource that shows the intensity of the ultraviolet rays throughout the day, and its purpose is to measure how much protection you need against the sun. However, many people misuse it for the exact opposite purpose, compromising their health in pursuit of a perfect tan.

During one of my spring breaks, I made the wrong choice of replacing my sunscreen with tanning oil at a beach trip when the UV was 10. Afterward, I was slightly alarmed by how sunburnt I got, but I figured it would go away and simply fade to a tan. The next day I woke up to realize I had a painful first-degree sunburn on my face, along with sun-poisoning. 

It’s common to hear about tans throughout the summer and even through the lingering post-summer months. With the goal of a sunkissed look in mind, teens purposely expose themselves to the sun during the hours when the UV is the highest, either disregarding or unaware of the harm of sun exposure like I was.

According to the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA), the UV index is measured through numbers that represent how fast skin is likely to get sunburnt. When the UV index number is three to five, it is marked as moderate, and sun protection is advised.  An index that is six to seven is marked as high, and sun protection is needed. Any index above eight is extremely high and can cause a sunburn within minutes. 

There are many serious consequences of sun damage caused by unprotected sun exposure: sunburns, skin cancer, eye damage, premature aging, and even immune system suppression, according to the EPA. Because so many brush off the severe consequences, more people are affected by diseases than expected. 

In the United States, one person dies of skin cancer every hour, according to the National Cancer Institute. So, how can you protect yourself from the harm of the sun? 

Sunscreen is always a must; broad-spectrum sunscreen with at least a 15 SPF or higher is ideal. Limiting time in the sun, especially between 10 a.m. to 2 p.m., when the sun’s rays are most intense is also a precaution, according to the U.S Food and Drug Administration. Sunglasses, brimmed hats, and protective clothing can also be helpful.

A common misconception is that sun protection is only needed in the hot summer months, but sun safety is always in season; protection is needed throughout the year, no matter the weather.  Even if you think you don’t get burned easily, protection is still needed regardless of skin type.  

Most importantly, you should be able to have fun in the sun without getting first-degree sunburns and sun-poisoning. When you know that you’ll be exposed to the sun, check the UV index to see how much protection is needed. Ask yourself: How much SPF do I need for the day? What protective clothing can I wear? How can I limit intense exposure? 

In a moderate amount, being in the sun can be beneficial and enjoyable. Being aware and taking all the precautions needed for your particular skin type can help you be carefree from the negatives. 

Now when I’m spending time in the sun, I make sure to wear sunscreen and steer clear of tanning oil. You should do the same if you want to enjoy the sun without harm.